Horny goat weed for men is thought to improve sexual function by increasing blood flow to the penis. Native to Asia, it is one of the various herb species of the Epimedium genus. The main genus species are Epimedium grandiflorum and Epimedium sagittatum. It may be referred to as "yin yang huo."
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This article discusses horny goat weed and whether it can benefit erectile dysfunction or other health conditions. It will also review the potential side effects, dosage, and precautions to know when taking it as a supplement.
Horny goat weed is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also known as Epimedium, yin yang huo, and herbal "Viagra." There are about 52 species of Epimedium, most native to China. Horny goat weed is found throughout Asia and parts of Europe and Africa.
The main studies on horny goat weed were conducted in vitro (in test tubes) or animal studies. Erectile dysfunction (ED) and bone disorders are the two most commonly studied conditions.
Other potential health benefits (limited to animal and/or test tube studies) of horny goat weed or its main components (natural chemical compound) include the following:
Human clinical studies are lacking, but preliminary evidence suggests icariin, a chemical compound in horny goat weed, inhibits a protein linked with erectile dysfunction called phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5).
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, such as horny goat weed and Viagra, widen the blood vessels, increasing blood flow to the penis needed for an erection. Erectile dysfunction occurs when there is not enough blood flowing to the penis.
A systematic review noted that horny goat weed was one of the most common ingredients in testosterone and erectile dysfunction supplements.
Further human studies are needed to determine the efficacy of horny goat weed for erectile dysfunction.
Some people believe that horny goat weed can also improve sexual function in women. The supplement is sometimes also used to treat health problems after menopause, such as high cholesterol and low estrogen.
People who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not use horny goat weed.
One study in mice looked at icaritin, an active component of horny goat weed. The study showed multiple positive effects on the remyelination process. This makes it a promising compound for remyelination therapy. This type of therapy has the potential to reverse multiple sclerosis symptoms and slow or even prevent disease progression.
There is limited evidence that horny goat weed may help reduce bone loss. A study in postmenopausal individuals showed horny goat weed extract increased the activity of bone-forming cells and decreased bone breakdown. The study was limited because it was unclear if changes in biomarkers would translate to clinical efficacy.
The bone-protective effect of icariin, the main active component in horny goat weed, is due to its estrogenic activity based on animal models.
Furthermore, another clinical trial showed icariin prevented bone loss compared to a placebo. Both groups were also given 300 milligrams (mg) of elemental calcium daily. Since the treatment group consisted of icariin and other sources of phytoestrogens, the effect of icariin alone on osteoporosis was unclear.
Horny goat weed may have side effects. These may be common or severe.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety of horny goat weed in 58 postmenopausal people reported no side effects during the eight-week observational period.
However, a review reported the following side effects:
Stop taking horny goat weed if you have any signs of an allergic reaction, like itchy, swollen skin or mouth, swollen lips or tongue, chest tightness, and dizziness.
If you're having a severe allergic reaction or if any of your symptoms feel life-threatening, call 911 and get medical help right away.
Certain people should not take horny goat weed, including:
For more information, please visit Epimedium Leaf Powder.
Use horny goat weed with caution if you take the following medications:
Prescription drugs such as Viagra (sildenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) are PDE5 inhibitors. However, they should not be used with nitrate-containing medications'like Nitrostat (nitroglycerin) and Monoket (isosorbide mononitrate)'due to the risk of fatal low blood pressure.
Although horny goat weed contains icariin, a mild PDE5 inhibitor, it's unclear how horny goat weed interacts with nitrate-containing medications due to the lack of studies on such safety concerns. Considering horny goat weed interacts with blood pressure-lowering medications by causing blood pressure to drop too low, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider before starting a horny goat weed supplement.
It is essential to carefully read a supplement's ingredient list and nutrition facts panel to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included. Please review this supplement label with your healthcare provider to discuss potential interactions with foods, other supplements, and medications.
Horny goat weed is available as a capsule, tablet, powder, or tea. While horny goat weed supplement is available as a single active ingredient, it can also be found in combination with other supplements purported to improve erectile dysfunction.
Although the standard dose of horny goat weed is unclear, the doses used in some clinical trials are noted below.
Adults have safely taken horny goat weed extract containing phytoestrogens by mouth for up to two years. Another extract containing icariin has been taken safely for up to six months.
Using certain types of horny goat weed for a prolonged period or at higher doses is possibly unsafe. Serious side effects, such as severe breathing problems, have been reported.
It is important to note that supplements with some of the most significant risks of contamination are the ones promising sexual enhancement.
Natural remedies for erectile dysfunction are available in stores and online, but none are approved by the FDA. In addition, the FDA does not recommend using over-the-counter products for ED because no authorities regulate them for safety or effectiveness.
The following are some common natural remedies that people can consider for ED:
L-arginine and pycnogenol: A meta-analysis of studies concluded that the combination of the amino acid L-arginine and pycnogenol (an extract from the bark of the French maritime pine tree) significantly improves sexual function in people with mild to moderate ED.
Herbal products: A review of 42 studies concluded that Panax ginseng, Prelox, and Tribulus terrestris have promising evidence as herbal products for ED.
Healthy diet: Studies have shown that following a Mediterranean diet'rich in foods like fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and seeds, fish, and poultry with less red meat, processed meat, and refined grains'decreased the likelihood of ED.
Exercise: A review of 10 studies concluded weekly exercise of 160 minutes for six months contributes to decreasing erectile problems in men with ED caused by physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and/or cardiovascular diseases.
Quitting smoking: Cigarette smoking can lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and is now established to be an independent risk factor for developing ED. Cigarette smoke contains nicotine, carbon monoxide, oxidant chemicals, and metals that can damage the endothelium and disrupt erectile processes.
Counseling: If ED is caused by psychological or emotional issues, seeing a counselor or therapist may help. They can teach you ways to reduce anxiety and help with other psychological issues related to having sex.
If you are considering alternative ED treatments, talk with your healthcare provider before getting started.
Horny goat weed is an herbal supplement that some people use as a "natural Viagra" to treat erectile dysfunction. Some studies suggest it has other positive effects, especially on bone health. However, more rigorous human clinical studies are needed to clarify the health benefits of horny goat weed.
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